The Kingdom of Bahrain is an archipelago of 33 islands with Bahrain Island, the largest land mass. Manama is the Capital and largest city of Bahrain. Bahrain Island represents about 80% of the total land area amounting to 770 square kilometers. It is located in the center of the Arabian Gulf between latitudes 25.32 and 26.20 north and longitude 50.20 and 50.50 east, near the east coast of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The King Fahd Causeway, opened on November 25, 1986, connects Bahrain with Saudi Arabia. It is 25km long.
Bahrain’s highest hill is Jabal Al Dukhan “Mountain of smoke,” situated at 134 m (440 ft) above sea level. With the exception of the fertile land in the narrow northern and the north-west coasts, most of the island of Bahrain is a land of rocky limestone covered by dunes of dry sand and salt. The climate is characterized by high heat and humidity during the summer, and very mild winters. The average annual temperature ranges between 20-35 ° C, and humidity between 30-85%.
Bahrain is a constitutional monarchy located in the heart of the Arabian Gulf, west of the Asian continent. It is characterized by its rich civilization and long history of more than five thousand years. It is influential at Arab, regional and international levels. Bahrain is a model of development and political and economic reform, has a wise foreign policy and is committed to the promotion of cooperation and friendship between the nations within the framework of mutual respect, the principles of international legitimacy and the support for peace and security, regionally and internationally.
The Kingdom of Bahrain is a hereditary, constitutional monarchy. As a democratic Kingdom based on the rule of law and the separation of powers between the Executive, Legislative and Judicial Authorities, it is a reflection of a true parliamentary experience. Within the framework of respect for human dignity, the Kingdom has independent judicial and human rights institutions, an active civil society, as well as press and media freedoms.
Despite its limited natural resources, the Kingdom of Bahrain was able through the optimum use of its human resources and its strategic geographic location to achieve an economic, development, and urban boom. It excelled in advocating human rights as well as in establishing social and human development. It also managed to promote peaceful coexistence among all religions, civilizations and cultures.
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